谢家桥一号汉墓出土“锦缘绢地乘云绣荒帷”的修复

Restoration of an embroidered coffin cover unearthed from the No.1 Han Dynasty tomb at Xiejiaqiao

荆州谢家桥一号汉墓出土了四床质地各异、造型独特、纹饰华丽、做工精细的棺罩(荒帷),为全国首次发现,为研究我国西汉初期的服饰、丝织品制造技术和手工业水平提供了极其珍贵的实物资料。但由于荒帷长期在地下环境中受各种因素的侵蚀,已破损老化严重、碰触易碎,为此必需进行修复。本工作通过对其中一件荒帷的外观目测观察,显微镜对纤维结构的检测以及病害分析后,决定以针线法分别对锦面、锦缘进行修复,然后拼合成形。由于文物平摊面积比较大,因此采用分区修复的方式逐块进行修复。修复后的荒帷在广州南越王博物馆展出,为广大观众提供了难得一见的精美展品。此方法可为国内类似出土丝织品(丝、绢、锦)文物的修复提供借鉴。

Four different pieces of coffin covers were excavated from the No. 1 Han Dynasty tomb at Xiejiaqiao in Jingzhou. The covers have different textures, unique designs, magnificent ornamentation and excellent craftsmanship. They are the first of their kind found in China. They are precious, authentic examples of materials for the study of clothing, silk weaving technology and the handicraft industry in the early Western Han Dynasty. Because of corrosion due to their having been underground for a long time, they were seriously degraded and were very fragile. Restoration was necessary. One of the four covers was first observed visually, and then its micro - structure was analyzed under a microscope and the damage carefully surveyed. It was decided that a sewing method would be applied to the top and the edges of the object. Because of its large size,the repair work has to be done section by section. After conservation,the cover was displayed in the Museum of the Nanyue King,Guangzhou,giving visitors an opportunity to observe such a rare, ancient textile. This conservation procedure could be an example for the conservation of similar textiles in China.