重庆市城市用地扩张特征及驱动机制研究

Study on the Expansion Characteristics and Driving For Ces of Urban Land in Chongqing

随着人口增长和经济快速发展,城市用地扩张有其必然性,但基于保障国家粮食安全、保护有限耕地资源,城市扩张的理性控制更有其必要性。如何运用历年土地变更数据快速准确地获取城市用地扩张的特征,并分析其驱动机制,对于指导土地利用总体规划和城市规划、集约利用土地都有十分重要的意义。文章首先通过计算扩张综合指数等测度指标,分析了重庆市城市用地扩张的特征;接着通过构建城市用地扩张驱动力指标体系,综合运用主成分分析法和通径分析法,揭示各驱动因素对城市用地扩张的综合效应、直接效应和间接效应。研究结果表明:重庆市历年城市用地扩张类型多变,可分为剧变型、快变型、缓变型;5个驱动因素的综合驱动效应均为正,按大小顺序排列为:社会生活>人口状况>经济水平>基础设施>科技水平。

With the growth of population and the rapid development of economy, the expansion of urban land has its inevitability, but based on the protection of national food security and limited land resources, it is necessary for city to control moderately it’s size. How to use the data of alternative land use investigation in differrent years to obtain quickly and accurately the characteristics of urban expansion and analyze the driving mechanism, which is significant to guide the overall land use planning, urban planning and the intensive land use. This article firstly analyzed the urban land expansion characteristics of Chongqing by calculating the measurement indicators such as the comprehensive expansion index and so on; then revealed the combined effect, direct and indirect effect of urban land use expansion affected by different drivers, according to constructing driving index system about urban land expansion, using integrated the methods of principal component analysis and path analysis. The results showed that： the types of urban land use expansion varied over the years in Chongqing, which can be divided into dramatic change, quick change, slow variant; the integrated driving effects of five drivers were positive, which can be put in order according to the size： social life population economic level infrastructure technological level.