青海三江源区土壤侵蚀现状及其分布

Present Status and Distribution of Soil Erosion of the Three-River-Source Area in Qinghai

通过对青海长江、黄河和澜沧江三江源区2005年时像的土壤侵蚀遥感调查,从宏观上查清了该区土壤侵蚀类型、面积和分布:三江源区土壤侵蚀面积11.48万km2,其中水力侵蚀1.84万km2,风力侵蚀1.16万km2,冻融侵蚀8.48万km2。土壤侵蚀主要分布在果洛州6县、玉树州6县、海南州2县、黄南州2县和格尔木市1乡,共涉及16县1乡。三江源区水力侵蚀主要发生在5—9月份,风力侵蚀主要发生在冬春季节,冻融侵蚀主要发生在4—5月份。该项研究为三江源区生态环境保护和建设的决策、规划及研究提供了基础数据。

It studys the types,area and distribution of soil erosion of the three-river-source area in Qinghai based on macro examination data of soil erosion by using remote sensing images in 2005.The soil erosion area of the three-river-source area is 114 800 km2,of which,water erosion area 18 400 km2,wind erosion area 11 600 km2 and freeze-thaw erosion area 84 800 km2.Soil erosion is mainly distributed in six counties in Guoluo Prefecture,six counties in Yushu Prefecture,two counties in Hainan Prefecture,two counties in Huangnan Prefecture and one township in Ge'ermu City,totally involving sixteen counties and one township.Water erosion mainly happens in the period of May to September,wind erosion mainly in winter and spring and freeze-hawing erosion mainly in the period of April to May of the three-river-source area.The study has provided basic data for decision,planning and study of ecological environmental protection and construction of the area.