我国冬季两项运动裁判员现状与发展对策

Current Status and Countermeasure on the Development of Chinese Biathlon Umpires

我国冬季两项裁判员队伍的健康发展对冬季两项运动的普及与提高具有重要的影响作用。采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、调查法、数理统计等方法，对我国冬季两项裁判员的现状进行研究。研究表明我国冬季两项裁判员年龄结构合理，呈年轻化趋势发展，学历结构较合理；但同时存在电子靶裁判员匮乏，无等级裁判员偏多，英语、计算机能力不足等问题。提出发展年轻的裁判员，扩大电子靶裁判员队伍，完善裁判员考核制度，加强对英语水平的考核以及为提高裁判员计算机水平创造机会等措施，提高孩国皋季两项栽判昂队任的培兼与管珲工作水平．

Chinese biathlon umpires＇healthy development has important influence on Chinese biathlon popularization and improvement. With the methods of documentary information, consulting experts, investigation and mathematical statistics, the article analyzes the current status of Chinese biathlon umpires. The result shows that the umpires＇age structure is reasonable in a younger trend and their educational background is relatively reasonable, but the electric target umpires are lacking and the rankless umpires are more, their English and computer ability are poor. For developing the team of Chinese biathlon umpires and management work level, it suggests some countermeasures to develop the young umpires, reinforce the team of electric target umpires, improve the umpires＇examination system such as the level of English and ability of computer operation.