关联理论下一般疑问句及其答语的认知分析

A Cognitive Analysis of General Questions & Their Answers in the Perspective of Relevance Theory

一般疑问句及其答语的产生及其理解也是一个追求关联的过程。说话者通过一般疑问句及其答语来表达并传递自己的意图。在此过程中,说话者必须确保所说的一般疑问句和答语有足够的关联性,以便吸引听话者的注意从而使听话者以最小的努力达到正确理解一般疑问和答语的目的。听话者根据自己的认知语境解码并且推断出一般疑问句及答语中最有关联性信息。在推断话语的产生和理解过程中,交际双方对认知语境的正确评估以及双方享有的知识对一般疑问句及其答语的理解发挥着重要作用。

The production and interpretation of general questions and their answers are the process of pursuing relevance.The speaker codes his/her intention in general questions and their answers and transfers it to the hearer.In this process,in order to make the general questions and their answers understood,the speaker has to make sure that their questions and the answers are relevant enough to draw the hearers＇ attention with the minimal processing effort in a context.The hearer infers the information provided by the general questions and answers according to the cognitive context that he derives from the possible assumptions to pursue the optimal relevant interpretation.The proper assessment of the cognitive context and mutual knowledge plays an important role in the production and interpretation of general questions and their answer.