肝癌肝外血管多层螺旋CT三维重建的临床应用

Multi-slice spiral CT 3D reconstruction of extrahepatic feeding arteries in hepatocellular carcinoma:its clinical applications

目的探讨原发性肝细胞肝癌(HCC)肝外供血动脉多层螺旋CT三维重建的显示能力及其临床价值。方法 64层螺旋CT常规肝脏三期扫描,动脉期采用容积再现(VR)及最大密度投影(MIP)三维重建技术,对89例原发性中晚期HCC肝内、外供血动脉的起源及走行行三维重建,并与血管造影结果对比。结果肿瘤巨块型59例,发生肿瘤肝外供血33例;弥漫型21例,发生肝外供血4例;结节型9例,发生肝外供血1例。肿瘤肝外供血动脉有8条途经,共发现肿瘤肝外供血动脉44支,肝动脉起源变异19支。结论 HCC肝外供血动脉较为常见和多变,并与肿瘤类型和部位有关,64层螺旋CT血管三维重建能达到血管造影效果,可减少血管造影次数,减少对比剂用量,减少医患辐射剂量,提高治疗效果。

Objective To discuss the feasibility of displaying the extrahepatic feeding arteries in hepatocellular carcinoma with the help of multi-slice spiral CT 3D reconstruction and to assess the clinical value of this technique. Methods Triple-phase enhanced CT scanning with a 64-slice spiral CT scanner was performed in 89 patients with advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. Three-dimensional reconstruction techniques,including maximum intensity projection （MIP） and volume rendering （VR）,with arterial phase images,were used to display the origination and course of both the intrahepatic and extrahepatic supplying arteries of HCC. The results were compared with the angiographic findings. Results Of 59 cases with massive type HCC,extrahepatic supplying arteries were found in 33. In 21 cases of diffuse type HCC four showed extrahepatic supplying arteries,and in nine cases of nodular type HCC only one had extra-hepatic supplying arteries. The HCC could get their extrahepatic blood supply via eight pathways. A total of 44 extrahepatic supplying arteries were detected,and 19 anomalously originated hepatic arteries were found. Conclusion The extrahepatic supplying arteries in hepatocellular carcinoma are common findings and their supplying pattern are extremely varied,which may be associated with the type and location of the tumors. Three-dimensional reconstruction technique with the help of triple-phase enhanced CT scanning on a 64-slice spiral CT scanner can provide excellent images as vivid and ideal as angiography can afford. Therefore,the times of angiography examination,the use of contrast media as well as the dose of radiation to both the patients and the physicians can be reduced as far as possible. The detailed information about extrahepatic blood supply is very useful for improving the therapeutic result of HCC.