磁性分子印迹聚合物核壳微球的制备及应用

Preparation and Application of Core-Shell Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Microspheres

分子印迹技术是综合高分子化学、生物化学等学科发展起来的一门边缘学科。通过分子印迹技术制备的聚合物具有吸附选择性好、色谱效率高、便于功能设计等优点,在色谱分离、固相萃取、传感器、药物控释等领域得到了广泛的应用。磁性聚合物微球是近年发展起来的一种新型多功能材料,已广泛应用于生物分离、药物控释、疾病诊断等领域。在磁性粒子表面进行分子印迹制备的磁性分子印迹聚合物核壳微球,兼有良好的超顺磁性和高选择吸附性两大优点,具有广阔的应用前景。本文重点综述了磁性分子印迹聚合物核壳微球的制备方法以及在化学分析、生物分离和药物控释方面的应用进展,并指出了该领域研究存在的问题及今后的发展方向。

Molecular imprinting technology is a borderline subject newly developed from combining high polymer chemistry, biochemistry ,etc. Molecularly imprinted polymer prepared by molecular imprinting technology is a new polymer material with many advantages, such as excellent selectivity, high adsorption, high efficiency in chromatography and easy design. It is being increasingly used for several high technology fields, for instance, solid- phase extraction, chromatographic separation, bio- and chemo-sensors, targeted drug delivery, catalysis, immunoassays and artificial enzyme, etc. As a kind of novel functional materials, magnetic polymer microspheres developed in recent years have been widely used in the collection or separation of bioactive substances, targeted drug delivery, and disease＇s diagnoses or therapy. The core-shell magnetic molecular imprinted polymer microspheres prepared by surface molecularly imprinting on magnetism particles have combined the advantages of both molecularly imprinted polymer and magnetic polymer microspheres, especially good superparamagnetism and high selective adsorption. This review focuses on the preparation, structure and properties of core-shell magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres, as well as their application in chemical analysis, biological separation, and targeted drug delivery in recent years. The problems and challenges that still should be resolved are pointed out and the development tendency in these researches is discussed.