亚洲国家与非洲国家维和官兵适应不良及相关因素的研究

Studies on mental maladjustment of Asian and African peacekeeping troops and related factors

目的探讨亚洲国家(孟加拉国、巴基斯坦)与非洲国家(尼日利亚、纳米比亚、加纳)维和官兵适应不良水平的差异及其影响因素。方法采用随机整群抽样法,对亚洲国家300名维和官兵与非洲国家271名维和官兵应用《军人适应不良量表(MMMS)》进行测评及统计学分析,并调查相关的影响因素。结果在到达维和区第7天和第120天分别测试的结果显示,亚洲维和官兵的MMMS总分及各因子分均显著低于非洲维和官兵(P<0.01),且第120天的MMMS总分及各因子分明显低于第7天(P<0.01)。非洲维和官兵第120天时只有情绪适应因子分明显降低(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,影响亚洲维和官兵情绪适应的因素是受教育年限(P<0.05),且呈正相关。影响非洲维和官兵MMMS总分及各因子分的因素是年龄、军龄、受教育年限、婚姻状况,其中年龄与MMMS总分、各因子分呈负相关,军龄、受教育年限、婚姻状况与MMMS总分及各因子分呈正相关。结论亚洲维和官兵适应状况优于非洲维和官兵;影响亚洲国家维和官兵情绪适应的因素是受教育年限,而影响非洲国家维和官兵适应状况的主要因素是年龄、军龄、受教育所限及婚姻状况等。

Objective To explore the maladjustment status of peacekeepers from Asian（Bangladeshi,Pakistani）and African （Nigerian,Namibian,Ghanaian）countries and the major affecting factors.Methods By random cluster sampling,300Asian peacekeepers and 271African peacekeepers were investigated using Military Mental Maladjustment Scale（MMMS）and risk factor questionnaire.Results The total MMMS score and factor scores of Asian peacekeepers,measured on the 7th day and the 120th day after arrival to the mission area,were significantly lower than those of African peacekeepers（P0.01）.Compared with the scores tested on the 7th day,all those tested on the 120th day decreased significantly in Asian peacekeepers（P0.01）,while only score of emotional disorder of MMMS decreased obviously in African peacekeepers（P0.05）.Gradual regressive analysis showed that the number of years of education was one of factor affecting the Asian peacekeepers＇score on emotional disorder with a positive correlation（P0.05）.The MMMS factors of African peacekeepers were correlated with their age,length of military service,number of years of education and marital state.All these factors,with an exception of age,were positively correlated with total score and each factor score,and the factor of age showed a negative correlation.Conclusions Asian peacekeepers show more adaptability than African peacekeepers.The number of years of education is correlated with Asian peacekeepers＇emotional disorder.The major influencing factors of maladjustment status in African peacekeepers are age,length of military service,number of years of education and marital status.