车载X波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达及其数据处理系统

X-Band Polarimetric Doppler Radar on Wheel and Its Data Processing System

文章介绍了车载X波段双线偏振多普勒天气雷达及其数据处理系统,并对其资料质量和应用问题进行了分析和讨论。该雷达采用的单发双收的工作机制,实现对Z_H、Z_(DR)、Φ_(DP)、K_(DP)、ρ_(HV)(0)以及L_(DR)等参数的探测。这些信息反映了云和降水粒子的范围、大小和运动变化等特征,是研究云和降水特别是灾害性天气的形成机制及其物理过程变化的有效工具。基于该雷达的数据处理系统是在利用这些测量参数的基础上,可以实现降水处理和降水粒子相态识别功能,为用户提供有效的气象服务。

The polarimetric radar is a useful remote sensing tool for the study of hydrometeor classification and rainfall measurement which is sensitive to the types,shapes,and size distribution of rain drops.X-band radars have additional advantages that make them a convenient tool and an appropriate choice for some practical applications.They are well suited to uses where transportability and fine-scale observations are important,such as in hydro-meteorological studies across moderately sized complex terrain watersheds and urban basins.Anhui Sun-Create Electronics Limited Company has developed a state-of-the-science X-band polarimetric doppler radar on wheel based on the alternative transmission and simultaneous receiving of horizontal and vertical polarization wavelength technology in 2005,termed XPDRW.It provides such measurements as the radar reflectivity ZH,velocity（V）,spectrum width（W）,differential reflectivity ZDR,propagation differential phase shiftΦDP,specific differential phase shift KDP,correlation coefficientρhv（0）,and linear depolarization LDR,which are useful for the research of cloud and precipitation physics as well as the mechanism and development of disastrous weathers.This paper report：1） the technical status and data processing system;2） the data quality and its detection ability of XPDRW;and 3） the ability of rainfall measurement and hydrometeor classification of XPDRW.Applications are put on data collected during a series of experiments which were conducted from spring of 2006 until summer 2008. The results show that：1） XPDRW is an actual multi-parameter radar,which will provide a new kind of equipment for the development and application of polarization radar in China;2） the features of radar observations after corrected are similar to those from foreign polarimetric radars,indicating that the XP-DRW observations are reasonable and suitable for future study;3） rainfall measurement algorithm based on XPDRW data can over-estimate the heavy rain versus the traditional Z-R relations,which has an advantage in practical operation;（4） fuzzy logic method based on XPDRW data can be used in hydrometeor classification, and the results are basically reasonable based on case studies.It can reveal the development course of weather system,and classify hydrometeor types,but still need to be further studied.