不同生理时期腋下副乳腺的超声诊断研究

Diagnostic Ultrasound for Armpit Accessory Breasts in Different Physiological Periods

目的应用高频超声动态观察不同生理时期腋下副乳腺的声像图变化。方法将临床疑为腋下副乳腺的24名患者按不同生理时期分为月经期组、妊娠期组、哺乳期组,平常受检期为对照组,进行4次超声检查,每次检查均重点测量二维超声图像上副乳腺腺体最大前后径及腺体质地。结果大体声像图特征:对照组副乳腺与皮肤层分界欠清,表现为雾状强回声或正常乳腺腺体样强回声,其内少见导管扩张及囊肿;月经期组、妊娠期组及哺乳期组腋下副乳腺可以出现和正常部位乳腺组织相同的变化,回声减低,明显增生长大,其内可见单个椭圆形或葡萄状无回声肿块,边界清晰,有包膜。腋下副乳腺腺体最大前后径及腺体质地:月经期组腺体最大前后径及腺体质地与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);妊娠期组和哺乳期组的腺体最大前后径及腺体质地均大于对照组(均P<0.05);哺乳期组腺体质地大于妊娠期组(P<0.05)。结论腋下副乳腺在不同生理时期声像图各有差异。应用高频超声动态检查腋下副乳腺,可以提高腋下副乳腺的超声检出率。

Objective To observe the changes of armpit accessory breasts sonogram in different physiological periods with high-frequency ultrasonography.Methods Twenty-four patients with armpit accessory breasts were divided into menstrual period guoup,gestational period group and lactational period group.The repose period was the control group.Ultrasonic inspection were performed four times in all patients to measure the largest anteroposterior diameter and texture in different physiological periods.Results The demarcation between the accessory breasts and skin layers was unclear in control group.The ultrasound results showed strong echoes or mist-like strong echoes of normal breasts,and the dilatation and cysts were rarely observed in control group.The armpit accessory breasts in patients could showed the same changes as the breasts in normal position.The ultrasound results showed reduced echoes and hyperplasia of breast,and the single oval or grape-like echo-free mass with clear edge and capsule was observed in patients.There were no significant changes in glandular organ thickness and texture between control group and menstrual period guoup（P〉0.05）.Compared with control group,glandular organ thickness and texture significantly increased in gestational period group and lactational period group（P〈0.05）.The glandular organ texture in gestational period group was significant smaller than that in lactational period group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Ultrasound images of armpit accessory breasts are discrepant in different physiological periods.Inspection of armpit accessory breasts with high-frequency ultrasonography can elevate detection rate and has important clinical significance.