青藏高原野生老芒麦种质牧草生产性能多样性评价

Production Performance Diversity of Elymus sibiricus Germplasm from Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in China

以川草1号(Elymus sibiricus L.cv Chuancao No.1)和川草2号(E.sibiricus L.cv Chuancao No.2)老芒麦品种为对照,对23份青藏高原野生老芒麦种质材料的生产性能进行了评价。结果表明:①物候期观测结果可将所有材料分为早熟类型和晚熟类型两大类,所有材料都在6月初到7月中旬出现生长高峰期。②不同材料的单株产量存在一定的差异,鲜草产量为35.66～87.59g/株,平均鲜重为58.16g/株;干草产量为11.09～29.18g/株,平均干重为17.96g/株。③所有老芒麦材料的茎叶比为1.84～2.71,平均值为2.17;粗蛋白含量为8.27%～14.79%,平均值为10.96%。大部分材料的茎叶比低于对照而粗蛋白含量高于对照,说明青藏高原野生老芒麦具有较高的牧草品质。④聚类分析可将所有材料聚为高产优质和表现一般两大类型,其中SAG205167、SAG205179、SAG204089、SAG205230、SAG205124和SAG204451这6份材料的单株鲜草产量和牧草品质都高于对照品种,而对照品种在试验中表现出优良性状退化的现象。

Diversities were detected in production performance of different Elymus sibiricus L.cv Chuancao No.1 and E.sibiricus L.cv Chuancao No.2 accessions,below results were obtained：① Twenty-three accessions could be divided into early maturing type and late maturing type on the basis of phenological observation.E.sibiricus present the growth peak from beginning of June to the middle of July at the test place.② The yield and quality characterizes of the twenty-three accessions also significantly different,the fresh yield was 35.66～87.59 g/plant,with an average of 58.16 g/plant;The hay yield was 11.09 ～29.18 g/plant,and with an average of 17.96 g/plant.③ The stem-leaf ratio was 1.84 ～2.71,with an average of 2.17;The crude protein content was 8.27%～14.79%,with an average of 10.96%,most of the accessions had the lower stem-leaf ratio and higher crude protein content than the CK,its meant that the E.sibiricus accessions from Qinghai-Tibetan plateau posses the high quality.④ Based on the production performance,all of the accessions were clustered into two types,one was high yield and quality,the other was generally showing.Among the former type,six accessions SAG205167,SAG205179,SAG204089,SAG205230,SAG205124 and SAG204451 showed a higher fresh yield and quality than CK,which hold a greater potentiality for further application.As for the E.sibiricus L.cv Chuancao No.1 and E.sibiricus L.cv Chuancao No.2,the excellent characteristics of them seems were degenerating in this study.