氢溴酸槟榔碱安全性评价

The Security Evaluation on Arecoline Hydrobromide

为了正确指导临床科学合理使用氢溴酸槟榔碱,对该药的安全性进行客观评价。依据近年来对该药毒理、药理及药效的试验结果,结合文献资料,从急性毒性试验结果,对靶动物安全用药范围、耐受情况及毒副反应和"三致"作用(致癌、致畸、致突变)及生殖毒性3个方面进行综合评述;氢溴酸槟榔碱长期、大量给药具有一定的"三致"毒性及生殖毒性,作为驱虫药物在临床实践中由于给药次数和剂量更少,虽有呕吐、腹泻等副作用,但未发现有"三致"毒性及生殖毒性,且按临床推荐剂量(1～5mg/kg)对鸡、鸭、犬等畜禽绦虫驱除效果较好。

The aim was to make an objective evaluation on security of arecoline hydrobromide based on the research results and literatures in recent years and to provide scientific bases for clinical usage.The security of arecoline hydrobromide was evaluated based on acute toxicity tests,the ranges of safe medication,tolerability and toxicity as well as ＂three-induced＂ effects（carcinogensis,mutagenesis and teratogenesis） and reproductive toxicity according to the combinations of experimental results,literatures and clinical effects.Arecoline hydrobromide had ＂three-induced＂ effects and reproductive toxicity when it was used with long-term and a large amount.When it was used as antitapeworm drug in clinical application,although it could cause side-effects of vomiting and diarrhea,there were no ＂three-induced＂ effects and reproductive toxicity because the times and dosages of administration were very low.There were good effects on livestock and poultry tapeworm at the clinical recommended dose（1～5mg/kg）.