基于GIS技术的陕西白梨气候区划

Climate division of Chinese white pear in Shaanxi based on GIS

为掌握陕西优质白梨最佳气候种植区的地域分布,采用陕西省1976—2005年96个气象观测站资料和陕西省1:25万DEM数据,建立热量资源和降水资源空间分布模型。结果表明,限制陕北最北部白梨正常生长的主要气象因子是年降水量和1月平均气温。影响陕南南部白梨生长的主要气象因子是夏季空气相对湿度和年降水量。最后通过专家综合评判、赋分制作出陕西白梨气候区划图,陕北南部、关中平原和商洛地区北部是陕西白梨最佳气候适生区,此区气候资源配置结构优异且成区连片,适宜规模种植,建议在此区优先发展白梨种植产业。另外,影响此区白梨生长的主要气象灾害是花期冻害,应重点防御。

For the purpose of finding the regional distribution of the best climate growing areas for high-quality Chinese white pear in Shaanxi ,the 96 meteorological stations observation data from 1976 to 2005 and the 1 ： 250000 dem data of Shaanxi were used to establish the three-dimensional quadratic trend surface climate resources reckoning model of meteorological factors and macro-geographical factors including longitude, latitude and altitude. The calculation results showed that the main meteorological factors which affected Chinese white pear normal growth in the far north of northern Shaanxi were annual precipitation, average temperature in January , and the main meteorological factors which influenced Chinese white pear growth in the south of southern Shaanxi were air relative humidity in summer and annual precipitation. By means of expert comprehensive evaluation, rating, the climatic zoning map of Chinese white pear of Shaanxi was obtained. The results showed that the south of northern Shaanxi, Guanzhong area and the north of Shangluo area were the best climate areas for Chinese white pear, and the structure of climate resource configuration in these areas was excellent and suitable for large scale planting. The priority should be given to develop Chinese white pear industry in these areas. In addition, the main meteorological disasters to Chinese white pear in these areas are florescence frost.