审美与族属——赫章可乐夜郎族属一探

Aesthetics and Nationality Origin——A probe into the nationality origin of Yelang inhabitants at Kele of Hezhang County

夜郎人的族属问题是夜郎研究中争议较多、尚无共识的问题之一,其研究多从历史学、考古学、民族学等学科进入。以出土文物和文献为依据,从审美意识与民族性的角度可以介入这一研究。赫章可乐作为"贵州的殷墟",其出土器物呈现出简约秀美形态。仡佬族作为农耕的世居民族,其"竹"崇拜与百越、百濮系统民族所具有的"优美"审美范畴相一致,迥异于氐羌系统的彝族所崇拜的"火"和"虎"的民族性格。由此可以认为,赫章可乐地区的族属当是以仡佬族先民即濮人为世居民族,曾建立过可乐城,彝族先民侵入后在其基础上建立了夜郎国,成为夜郎国的统治民族。

The nationality origin of Yelangese is one of the controversial issues without a common view by scholars in the field of the relevant study.Such a study is mostly carried out from the perspectives of history,archeology and ethnology.But it can be carried out from the perspectives of the sense of aesthetics and nationality based on the unearthed cultural relics and literature.The unearthed cultural relics at Kele in Hezhang,the ＂Yin Dynasty Ruins in Guizhou＂,are simple but beautiful in shape.The worship of ＂bamboo＂ by the Gelao people who have lived in the area generation after generation as peasants,is similar to the nationality of Baiyue and Baipu systems in the category of their ＂elegancy＂ of aesthetics but greatly difference from nationality feature of worshiping ＂fire＂ and ＂tigers＂ by the Yi nationality of the Diqiang system.It can thus be deemed that the nationality origin of the inhabitants at Kele,Hezhang,is the Pu people,ancestors of the Gelaos.They had built up the town of Kele but after the Yi invaded,the Kingdom of Yelang was established at the site of Kele.The Yi becomes the ruling nationality of the kingdom.