喀斯特石漠化区石灰岩与白云岩土壤理化性质分析——以贵州兴义市为例

Soil Properties and Correlation Analysis on Karst Rocky Desertification Areas of Limestone and Dolomite——A Case Study in Xingyi City of Guizhou

本文针对兴义市喀斯特石漠化区域内石灰岩和白云岩两种岩石发育的土壤进行理化性质分析比较,结果表明:两种岩石发育的土壤在全磷、交换钙、土壤含水量、石砾含量、土壤容重及岩石裸露率,差异显著。石灰岩区除了全钾与速效钾之外,全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷均略优于白云岩区。白云岩区土壤pH与全氮存在负相关关系;有机质含量与全氮、全磷均达到极显著正相关关系,与交换钙达到显著正相关关系;全氮和速效氮存在显著正相关关系。石灰岩区土壤pH与全钾存在负相关关系;有机质含量与全氮达到显著正相关关系,全氮和速效氮为正相关关系。不同坡位的土壤物理特征表明,白云岩区土壤含水量和土壤厚度的平均值自上而下呈现依次递增的变化规律。而其在土壤容重、石砾含量和岩石裸露率的平均值自上而下则呈现依次递减的变化规律。石灰岩区仅在土壤含水量方面自上而下呈现依次递增的变化规律。

This paper discussed the soil physical and chemical properties under two different kinds of rock in Xingyi. The results showed that all P, exchange calcium, soil water content, rock contents, soil bulk density and rock bare rate had notable differences in two areas. In addition to all K and available K , the soil nutrient in the limestone area was higher than that in the dolomite area, where soil pH had a negative correlation with total N. Or- ganic matter content and all N, all P reached a very significant positive correlation, and achieved a significant posi- tive correlation with exchange of Ca. Total N and available N had a positive correlation, where soil pH had a nega- tive correlation with total K. Content of organic matter and all N achieved a significant positive correlation. All N and available N achieved a positive correlation. The soil physical characteristics in different slope positions showed that the average soil moisture and soil thickness gradually increased from top to bottom in dolomite area, and the average soil bulk density, gravel content and exposed rock gradually decreased. While only the average soil water content in limestone district gradually increased from top to bottom.