苜蓿草粉对肉兔生产性能和肌肉氨基酸含量的影响

Effect of Alfalfa Meal on Growth and Meat Amino Acid Content of Meat Rabbit

采用随机区组设计,将120只日本大耳白兔(Dryctolagus cuniculus)分为6个组,分别在饲粮中添加0%(对照组)、20%(试验Ⅰ组)、30%(试验Ⅱ组)、40%(试验Ⅲ组)、50%(试验Ⅳ组)和60%(试验Ⅴ组)的苜蓿(Medicagosativa L.)草粉,试验期45 d,测定饲喂不同水平苜蓿草粉饲粮,以观察肉兔的主要生产性能指标和肌肉中氨基酸含量变化。结果表明:试验组采食量、日增重、料重比均优于对照组,其中以试验Ⅳ组最佳;除试验Ⅴ组外,其他试验组的屠宰率和全净膛屠宰率均高于对照组,但各组间差异不显著而肝脏重和脾脏重随苜蓿草粉添加量的升高依次增加,各试验组均显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组;随苜蓿草粉添加量的增大,肉兔肌肉内总氨基酸量、鲜味氨基酸和必需氨基酸有升高的趋势,改善了肉的风味,提高了肉的营养价值。因此认为,在肉兔饲粮中苜蓿草粉比例在50%左右时有提高生产性能、改善肌肉品质的作用。

The effects of alfalfa meal on the growth and meat quality of meat rabbit were studied by a randomized block experiment with 120 weaned Japanese big ear rabbits（initial BW=800±20 g） which were divided into 6 groups with different alfalfa meal levels（Ⅰ： 0%,Ⅱ： 20%,Ⅲ： 30%,Ⅳ： 40 %,Ⅴ： 50%,and Ⅵ： 60%）,5 replicates in each group,and 4 rabbits for each replicate.The results showed that： The rabbits fed with alfalfa meal were superior in the average daily feed intake,average daily gain,and feed-weight ratio in comparison with control group.The group IV had the best production performance among 5 test groups.The dressing percentage and eviscerated dressing percentage of tested groups were higher than those of control group except the group V;however there were no significant differences among six groups.The weights of liver and spleen were increased with the alfalfa meal level increasing,and those were significantly or very significantly higher than those of control group.Along with the increase of alfalfa meal level,the contents of total amino acids,essential amino acids,and tasty amino acids in meat were increased indicating improvement of the meat flavor and nutritional value.According to the results of this study,it is suggested that adding 50% alfalfa meal in diet could improve the growth and the meat quality of meat rabbit.