487例住院精神分裂症患者临床特征的性别差异

Gender Difference of Clinical Features of Schizophrenia in 487 inpatients

目的:比较男性及女性精神分裂症住院患者的起病年龄、临床特征、症状特点及治疗情况等指标的差异。方法:选择符合DSM-IV精神分裂症诊断标准的487例住院精神分裂症患者,详细收集临床资料,并进行《阳性及阴性症状评定量表》(PANSS)及《异常不自主运动量表》(AIMS)的评定,以此为依据进行性别间的比较分析。结果:婚姻状况:单身男性259人(78.2%),女性99人(63.5%);男性起病年龄(23.4±5.9)岁,与女性患者(25.2±7.6)岁比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05);而首次住院年龄(26.8±7.3)岁,显著早于女性(28.6±9.0)岁(P<0.05);总病程(142.1±110.8)月,显著大于女性(100.7±113.8)月(P<0.01);男性PANSS量表中的阳性症状量表分(12.6±5.0)和一般精神病理症状分(26.3±5.5)显著低于女性(14.0±6.5)和(28.0±6.7)(P<0.05)和;男性AIMS分(4.0±4.3)显著高于女性(2.5±4.1)(P<0.01)。结论:男性及女性精神分裂症患者在发病年龄、症状特点及病程转归等多方面均存在显著差异,提示在制定治疗康复方案方面,应有所区别。

Objective：To investigate the gender difference of age of onset,clinical symptoms and social function between male and female schizophrenic patients.Methods：487 inpatients with schizophrenia（according to DSM-IV criteria,male 331,female 156）were sampled.Clinical data were collected with PANSS（positive and negative symptom scale）and AIMS（Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale）.Results： The rate of unmarried was markedly higher in males compared to female.The difference of age of onset between male and female patients（male：23.4士5.9yrs,female：25.2士7.6yrs.） was not significant in statisitic.The difference of age of first in hospital between male and female patients（male：26.8士7.3yrs,female：28.6士9.0 yrs.）was significant in statisitic.The difference of course of diseases between male and female patients（male：142.1士110.8month,female：100.7士113.8 month.）was significant in statisitic.Compared with male,female had more positive symptoms and affective symptoms,less abnormal involuntary movement.Conclusions： Schizophrenic inpatients had some differences in clinical features,which may due to the nature selection of admission.