冯梦龙“三言”在俄国

Feng Menglong's "San Yan" in Russia

冯梦龙是中国第一位通俗文学的编辑家、研究家与理论家。他从1621年至1627年分别改编出版了《喻世明言》、《警世通言》和《醒世恒言》,俗称"三言"。从18世纪法国耶稣会士第一次将其传播到西方以后就引起许多西方汉学家的关注与研究。为了了解中国国情和文化传统并满足教学需要,俄国汉学家也对"三言"故事进行了选译,所选取的多为在中国流行并符合俄国人审美趣味的故事。20世纪以前的"三言"俄语译本故事大多是转译自英语或法语,译者多为无名氏。从20世纪开始,俄国汉学家将"三言"故事从汉语直接翻译成俄语,译文的质量有了大幅度提高。从文献学和文学史的角度了解"三言"在俄苏的传播过程有着重要意义。

Feng Menglong was the first editor, researcher and theorist of vernacular literature in China. From 1621 to 1627, he adapted and published Stories to Enlighten Mend, Stories to Warn Men, and Stories to Awaken Men, of which are commonly known as ＂San Yan＂. These works have aroused broad concern and research by Western sinologists since they were first transmitted to the West by French Jesuits in the 18＇h century. To know about China and Chinese traditional culture and to satisfy the needs of teaching, Russian sinologists also began to translate ＂San Yan＂ stories, choosing those which were popular with the Chinese and also to the aesthetic taste of the Russian. Before the 20＇h century, the Russian editions of ＂San Yan＂ stories were translated from English or French mostly by anonymous translators. Since the 20th century, Russian sinologists have translated ＂San Yan＂ stories into Russia directly from Chinese and the qualities of these versions have been greatly improved. From the perspectives of bibliog- raphy and history of literature, the study of the spread and influence of ＂San Yan＂ in Russia is of great significance.