7种农药对家蚕的毒性评价及中毒症状学观察

Toxicological Evaluation of Seven Pesticides to Bombyx mori and Observation of Toxicosis Symptoms

采用食下毒叶法,测定了7种杀虫剂对家蚕的急性毒性,并系统观察了杀虫剂处理家蚕后的中毒症状.结果表明:高效氯氟氰菊酯、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、阿维菌素、高效氯氰菊酯4种杀虫剂的LC50值均小于0.5mg·L-1,属剧毒级药剂,对家蚕有极高风险性;啶虫脒、毒死蜱和敌敌畏3种农药的LC50值分别为1.2371、1.0438和4.9641mg·L-1,属高毒级药剂,对家蚕有高至极高风险性;家蚕的农药急性中毒症状主要包括吐液、拒食、体缩、摆头、身体扭曲呈"S"或"C"形等,但不同类型农药其家蚕中毒症状表现各异.

The acute toxicities of 7 pesticides to silkworm,Bombyx mori,were evaluated in laboratory by using the feed intake method.The toxic symptoms of silkworms after treatment of pesticides were systematically observed.The results indicated that the LC50 values of Lambda-cyhalothrin,Emamectin benzoate,Abamectin,Beta-cypermethrin were lower than 0.5mg·L-1,which belonged to extremely toxic substances.The LC50 values of Acetamiprid,Chlorpyrifos and Dichlorvos were 1.2371,1.0438 and 4.9641mg·L-1,which belonged to highly toxic substances.The general acute symptoms of poisoning due to pesticides treatment in silkworms are vomiting,food rejection,shorting of body,movements of the head,and stiffness of body in the shape of an ＂S＂or ＂C＂,etc..However,different kinds of pesticides result in different symptoms in silkworm.