器官尸捐之指定捐赠与伦理争议

The Directed Donation of Cadaver Organs and Relevant Ethical Disputes

器官移植医学的进步,挽救了很多器官衰竭病患的生命,同时也带来一些伦理争议。尸体器官指定捐赠牵涉到的伦理议题包括脑死判定的伦理问题,可能器官买卖的争议性,潜在捐赠者健康安全的保障问题,以及利己与利他之伦理。从关怀伦理的观点,尸体器官捐赠应考虑"由亲而殊"的道德等差性,所以亲属优先指定捐赠是符合仁爱原则的。只是仁爱原则必须建立在不伤害原则之下,即必须在保障潜在捐赠者的健康安全之下,器官尸捐的指定捐赠才是可行的。

Progress of medical science in organ transplant, saves a lot of life of patients who depleted organ, and at the same time brings forwards some ethical issues. The directed donations of cadaver organs involve ethical issues including the judgment of brain death, disputes on the potential organ transaction, the health and safety guarantee for donators,and the egoism and altruism ethics. From the view of showing concern ethics, the donation of cadaver organs should consider the moral partiality related to beneficence principles which appoints donation to have priority. Beneficence principle must be set up under the principle of non - malfeasances, namely the health and safety of potential donors must be ensured, the directed donation of cadaver organs would be feasible.