大庆地区农牧业中微量元素缺乏性营养障碍的土壤根源与整治途径

THE SOURCE AND CONTROL OF PLANT MICRONUTRITION DISTURBANCE IN THE SOILS OF TACHING MUNICIPALITY

采集2887个样品分析制图,揭示出大庆地区土壤有效态Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn的含量水平和分布规律,并对该地区不同土壤类型的微量元索含量和有效性做了分析评价,肯定了大多数土壤普遍缺Zn和一定程度上Fe、Mn供给不足,是营养障碍发生的直接土壤因素。从成土母质和成土过程造成的土壤理化性质分析了导致微量元素供给不足的原因;土壤沙化、盐碱化、高pH值、多石灰质和重碳酸盐等起主导作用。提出了改良和培肥土壤、推行合理种植制度、合理施用微量元素肥料及选择栽种耐缺植物种和品种等整治途径。

In recent ears, the s mptoms of plant micronutrition disturbane have been often found in Taching municipality. To counter this problem , 4 maps of contens of available microelements based on analytical data of 2887 soil samples were given, and it is illustrated that in 70-80% area of Taching soils, the contents of Cu and Mn ate at medium levels, Fe at low levels, and Zn at very low levels. The contents of microclcmcnts and their available/total ratio of various soils (12 genera of 6 groups) in this district were evaluated. The soil Zn deficiency and the inadeuate supply of soil Fe and Mn were established as the direct factors inducing the occurcnce of nutrition disturbance. The source incurring the deficiency or inadequate supply of soil mieronutrients was discussed byinvestigating mother material and soil forming process. The soil desertification, alkalization, high pH value, more amounts of calcic and bicarbnate etc. were recognized to be significantly contributing factors. In order to control the nutrition disturbance, the wa s such as soil amelioration, cultivation of soil fertility,rational application of micronutrients, and selection of plant varieties tolerant to low level of soil micronutrients were suggested.