创伤危重患者静脉留置导管相关性血流感染的危险因素及护理对策

Risk Factors of Intravenous Indwelling Catheter-related Blood Stream Infection and Countermeasures in Patients with Severe Trauma

目的探讨为创伤危重患者行静脉留置导管抢救时,预防导管相关性血流感染的护理对策。方法对医院2007年1月-2008年12月的创伤危重患者静脉置管抢救情况进行回顾性分析与总结。结果对转送专科治疗的1032例创伤危重患者,随机追踪观察406例,其中经四肢静脉置管334例,锁骨下静脉置管62例及股静脉置管10例,未发现1例导管相关性血流感染病例。结论重视创伤危重患者静脉留置导管的无菌操作、护理和监控,可杜绝导管相关性血流感染的发生,是降低患者死亡率和致残率的关键措施之一。

OBJECTIVE To explore the nursing countermeasures to protect against the catheter-related blood stream infection（CRBSI） in patients with severe trauma during emergency treatment with intravenous indwelling catheterization.METHODS The state of emergency treatment for patients with severe trauma and intravenous indwelling catheterization between Jan 2007 and Dec 2008 was retrospectively analyzed and summarized.RESULTS Of the 1032 patients with severe trauma transferred to the specialized departments for treatment,406 patients were followed up.Among them,334 patients had undergone intravenous indwelling catheterization through veins of the extremities,62 through subclavian veins,and 10 through femoral veins.No CRBSI was observed in them.CONCLUSION CRBSI may be prevented in patients with severe trauma by taking the aseptic manipulation,nursing and monitoring of intravenous indwelling catheterization seriously,which are the crucial ones for lowering the mortality and the incidence of disability in these patients.