HIV职业暴露83例分析

HIV Occupation Exposure:A Survey on 83 Cases

目的了解相关地区人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)职业暴露的发生情况,评估暴露后处理的效果,为更好地预防HIV职业暴露感染提供依据。方法询问记录83例HIV职业暴露者的一般情况、暴露方式、评估暴露级别并进行相应的暴露后处理;随访观察处理的效果。结果医务人员特别是护士、公安人员是HIV职业暴露的主要人群;发生暴露后局部采用清洗-挤血-消毒等完整处理措施的比例逐年升高,暴露到预防用药的时间逐步缩短,83例中1名护士可能为HIV职业暴露感染。结论随着HIV感染者不断增多,医务人员和公安人员发生HIV职业暴露的机会增加,有关人员应树立普遍性预防的观念,严格执行操作规程,采取有效的防护措施,将HIV职业暴露及暴露后感染降到最低限度。

OBJECTIVE To understand the condition of human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） occupational exposure in some areas from 2003 to 2008,evaluate the prophylactic effect of occupational exposure for HIV,thus provide the data for instituting regimen for prophylaxis of occupational exposure（PEP） of HIV.METHODS Collected the data of 83 cases of HIV occupational exposure including general condition,mode of exposure,measure exposed level of PEP,etc.Following these cases,the effect of prevention were observed.RESULTS The health workers,especially nurses and policemen were the major groups of HIV occupational exposure.From 2003 to 2008,the rates of people who took the measures of washing wound,extruding wound,sterilizing were increased.Intervals from exposure to taking anti-retrovirus（ARV） drug were decreased.One nurse got HIV infection through occupational exposure probably.CONCLUSION The HIV occupational exposure opportunities for health workers and policemen are increased with epidemic of HIV in China.Related groups should have concept of general prophylaxis,have good habits of operation,take effective protective measure for decreasing the opportunities of HIV occupational exposure.