电梯导轨立式压力矫直关键技术研究

Key technologies of vertical press-straightening of elevator rail

为解决在垂直方向上具有非对称性的电梯导轨的弯曲变形矫直问题,提出确定电梯导轨立式矫直的反向弯曲曲率和矫直下压量的理论模型,给出明确的矫直曲率方程和矫直行程公式.从电梯导轨生产工艺流程出发分析电梯导轨弯曲变形原因,并基于弯曲变形测量数据拟合出电梯导轨垂直方向弯曲变形的原始弯曲曲线,利用线性弹塑性理论分析了导轨立式压力矫直的反向弯曲曲率与原始弯曲曲率间的关系,给出具体的导轨压力矫直曲率方程,可便捷得到矫直一定原始曲率的矫直反弯曲率.为便于实际电梯导轨矫直的操作,利用所得的反弯曲率进一步推导出矫直行程的表达式,可直接用于计算矫直一定原始弯曲的矫直行程.利用该方法,对T90/B电梯导轨进行求解,给出其初始弯曲曲率与反弯曲率、矫直下压量的关系曲线,并对其进行有限元验证,结果显示,计算矫直行程和矫直曲率的方法有效可行.

In order to solve the vertical straightening problem of elevator rail which having asymmetrical section in the vertical direction, a theoretical model for the reverse bending curvature and straightening stroke was developed, the explicit curvature formula and straightening stroke expression were given. From the production process of elevator guide rail, the bending deformation causes were discussed, and the original bending curve was fitted by the measured data. The relationship of reverse bending curvature and original bending curvature during the straightening process was analyzed by the linear hardening elastic-plastic theory. And then, the explicit formula for the elevator rail reverse bending curvature in corresponding to its original bending curvature was obtained. For convenience, an expression for the reverse stroke of pressing down was further given by the reverse bending curvature, so that the straightening stroke correspond- ing to its original bending deflection could be calculated directly. An example to T90/B elevator rail straightening, the curve between original curvature and reverse curvature, and the curve between the stroke of pressing down and the original curvature were given by the proposed method. Through the com- parison with the finite element method, the results show that this method is feasible.