雷直击建筑物时电流分布的计算和试验研究

Surge current distribution in a reinforced concrete structure during building struck by lightning

当雷直击建筑物时，流过结构钢筋的雷电流将对室内的电子系统产生电磁干扰。对结构钢筋体内电流分布的分析，这是研究雷直击建筑物时室内电磁暂态过程的基础。在简单回顾雷直击建筑物时结构钢筋体内电流分布计算方法的基础上，对三种典型的结构模型进行了电磁暂态分析，得到结构钢筋体内的电流分布。同时，利用冲击大电流发生装置，对这三种结构模型进行了对比性的模拟试验，计算与试验结果能较好吻合。

When a lightning strikes directly to a building, large impulse currents flow through various conducting branches of the building's protection structure, then electromagnetic disturbance is caused within the building. An efficient method was reviewed in this paper to calculate surge current distribution in a reinforced concrete structure during building struck by lightning. The electric parameters of conducting branches were represented in capacitance and impedance mode, the capacitance parameters were calculated by means of average potential method, while the impedance parameters were evaluated by Neumann's formula. Based on electric parameters, the conducting system was converted to an equivalent network constituted for a series of coupled π type circuits. The network was analyzed by electromagnetic transient program (EMTP), and the surge current distribution was presented. Some comparison tests were conducted in high voltage laboratory of Tsinghua University, and the computation is in coincidence with the test.