说服战略与国际规范传播

Persuasion Strategy and International Norm Diffusion

国际规范传播日益成为当前国际规范研究的一项重要议程。现有研究强调了权力因素、规范性质、时间环境及规范说服机制对国际规范传播效果的影响,但对规范倡导者采取何种规范说服战略重视不够。作者结合冷战后国际规范传播的实践,提出了人道主义化框定、支持性规范联系和情感化宣传三种推进国际规范传播的有效战略,通过对国际安全领域内的地雷规范与小武器规范案例的比较分析,作者认为,虽然包括说服在内的社会化机制是规范传播的主要方式,但是在说服等社会建构的具体过程中,规范倡导者采用的战略也是导致规范传播效果出现差异的重要因素。建构主义虽然领导着国际规范研究,但是在解释规范传播等具体问题时仍然要求结合社会建构和理性选择两种研究视角。

International norm diffusion has already been one of the important research agendas of international norms.The existing researches emphasize the influence of power,nature of norm,world-time context and normative persuasion on the effects of norm diffusion,while ignoring norm entrepreneurs’ persuasion strategy.This article develops an argument focusing on the normative persuasion strategy adopted by norm entrepreneurs.In the post cold war era,if the international norm can be framed as a humanitarianism norm,it will diffuse more thoroughly;if the international norm can be established links with the well-accepted norms,it will diffuse more easily;if the international norm can be advocated in the way of stimulating public emotions,it will diffuse more broadly.