超经济学视角的企业竞争优势观

A View of Enterprise Competitive Advantage:Based on Meta-economics Perspective

竞争优势实质上是一种价值创造能力,是一种比较生产力,具有一定的相对性。企业可以通过资源聚焦、补短扬长、避短扬长、策略联盟、规制创新等途径构筑或强化竞争优势。从历史的角度来说,企业竞争优势曾先后表现为生产规模、经营宽度、纵向一体化、核心能力、创新能力等。企业竞争优势是自然选择、产业结构、资源能力、文化制度、知识创新等内外部多种因素互动的结果。

Generally speaking, competitive advantages stand for the leading position of a fn＇rn in market competition, and it directly associates with the firm＇ s performances. Competitive advantages have the characteristic of relativity. Firms can adopt so many approaches to build or strengthen their advantages, such as gathering resources, circumventing weaknesses and fostering strengths, establishing strategic alliances and making innovation^in rules and regulations. Historically, competitive advantages have ever been expressed as the scale of production, the business scope, the vertical integration, the core competence and the capacity for innovation. Competitive advantage results from the interaction among different kinds of internal or external factors, such as natural choice, industrial structure, resources capabilities, culture institution and knowledge innovation. So, it is not the result of any single cause.