2007-2009年四川省肾综合征出血热监测结果分析

Surveillance of Hemorrhagic Fever With Renal Syndrome in Sichuan Province,2007-2009

目的了解四川省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情及宿主动物动态,为HFRS的防制提供科学依据。方法收集全省2007-2009年疫情资料;在监测点采用夹夜法捕鼠,将鼠肺冷冻切片,用免疫荧光法检测汉坦病毒抗原。结果 2007-2009年全省累计发病284例,死亡2例,主要发病地区为凉山州、南充市、广安市和达州市;在凉山州盐源县、达州市开江县和南充市3个监测点共捕获鼠10种2046只,总鼠密度10.29%,居民区以褐家鼠和小家鼠为优势鼠种,野外以四川短尾鼩和高山姬鼠为优势鼠种。鼠间汉坦病毒带病毒率为2.22%。结论褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠仍是四川省HFRS的主要宿主动物,盐源县为家鼠型出血热疫区,四川省的其他发病地区为以姬鼠型为主的混合型疫区。监测结果提示四川省今后2～3年本病可能仍将在低发状态波动,今后应继续加强监测工作。

Objective To understand the current status of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（HFRS）epidemic and the host animals in Sichuan province,provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFRS.Methods The data of HFRS epidemic in Sichuan were collected,the night-trapping was conducted to monitor rodents＇ density and the immunofluorescence technique was used to detect the virus antigen.Results A total of 284 HFRS cases,including 2 deaths,were reported in Sichuan from 2007 to 2009.The main epidemic areas were in Liangshan,Nanchong,Guang＇an and Dazhou.A total of 2046 rodents of 10 species were captured in the surveillance sites in Yanyuan of Liangshan,in Kaijiang of Dazhou and in Nanchong,the rodents density was 10.29%.Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus were the predominant rodents in residential areas,Anourosorex squamipes and Apodemus chevieri were the predominant rodents in the open field.The Hantavirus-carrying rate was 2.22% in rodents.Hantavirus was detected from Rattus norvegicus,Apodemus agrarius,Mus musculus,Rattus flavipectus.Conclusion Rattus norvegicus,Apodemus agrarius were still the main host animals of Hantavirus in Sichuan province.Yanyuan county is the Rattus type epidemic area of HFRS,the other HFRS epidemic areas belong to mixed type with Apodemus to be predominant.The surveillance showed that the incidence of HFRS would remain at a low level in 2 or 3 years in Sichuan,it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of HFRS.