摘要
报道了一个遗传组成复杂的小麦／小黑麦杂种花粉株系M16的创制、形态性状、遗传稳定性、染色体组成以及抗白粉病的鉴定结果。M16植株形态为普通小麦型，染色体数目为2n＝44，具有很高的遗传稳定性，有丝分裂和减数分裂的染色体稳定性分别为91．05％和93．23％。接种鉴定表明M16高抗小麦白粉病。原位杂交、C－分带和同工酶标记分析证明M16有3对黑麦染色体，是一个4R附加、3R（3D）和6R（6D）代换的小黑麦附加－双代换系。讨论了遗传结构复杂的花粉植株类型产生的机制、遗传稳定性及意义等问题。
Creation and characterization of M16, a wheat-rye doubled haploid line derived from anther culture, were reposed in the present study. Morphological characters of M16 were the very image of common wheat. Test by inoculating mixed Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici races No. 11 and No. 15 in seedling and adult stages, M16 showed very high resistance (0;~1 grade) to the disease. Genetic stability was high in M16, root hp cells (RTC) with 2n=44 chromosomes in 91.05% plants and with 22II in 93.23% of metaphase I pollen mother cells (PMC). Chromosome constitution analysis by in situ hybridization, C-banding and isozyme markers showed that the doubled haploid line M16, with 3 pairs of rye chromosomes, is a 4R addition-3R(3D), 6R(6D) double substitution line. Creating mechanism, genetic stability of pollen plants with complex chromosome constitution and their value to genetic study and breeding program were discussed.
基金
国家自然科学基金!39370454
国家八五攻关项目!85-722-02-02
关键词
小麦
花药培养
双单体体系
抗白粉病
染色体组成
Triticum aestivum
Anther culture
Doubled haploid line
Resistance to powdery mildew
Chromosome constitution
in situ hybridization
C-banding
Isozyme markers
