不同蛋白质水平日粮对荣×大×杜生长猪生产性能和养分消化率的影响

Effects of different dietary protein levels on growth performance and nutrient digestion in Rongchang×Yorkshire×Duroc pigs

试验选用90头25kg左右荣×大×杜杂交猪,随机分3个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复5头猪,分别饲喂可消化赖氨酸水平相同,蛋白质水平分别为16.0%、15.0%、14.0%的三种不同日粮(对照组、试验1组、试验2组),考察氨基酸平衡模式下不同蛋白质水平日粮对生长猪生产性能及养分消化率的影响及其经济效益分析。试验结果表明:(1)各组日采食量基本接近,试验1组日增重最高、料重比最低,日增重比对照组高44.2g/d,料重比较对照低4.3%,但未达到显著差异(P>0.05),试验2组的日增重、料重比与对照组接近。(2)干物质表观消化率,试验2组比对照组高1.31%(P<0.05),试验1组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);粗蛋白质表观消化率,各组间基本接近,均未达到显著差异(P>0.05);钙表观消化率,试验1、2组分别比对照组高13.7%(P<0.05)、9.03%(P>0.05);磷、粗灰分表观消化率,各组间基本接近,未达到显著差异。(3)试验1组和试验2组,单位增重饲料成本较对照组分别降低0.42元/kg、0.23元/kg。结果表明,按照猪理想蛋白氨基酸平衡模式来配制日粮,将荣×大×杜三元土杂猪的生长猪日粮蛋白质水平降低至15%或14%,不仅不影响其生产性能,还可降低单位增重饲料成本,提高了养猪经济效益。综合生产性能、养分消化率以及经济效益指标,日粮氨基酸平衡条件下,荣×大×杜生长猪的适宜蛋白质水平为15%。

Ninety Rongchang×Yorkshire×Duroc pigs with an initial body weight of about 25 kg were randomly divided into three treatments,6 replicates for each treatment,five pigs in each replicate,which were fed three different diets with 16.0 %,15.0 %,14.0 % protein levels（Control group,Group 1,Group 2,respectively）.The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of different protein diets with amino acid balance model on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of pigs and its economic analysis.The results were showed：（1）Average daily feed intake （ADFI）in each group was almost the same,average daily gain（ADG） and F/G（feed/gain）of the Group 1 was the highest and lowest.Compare to the control group,ADG was increased by 44.2 g/d （P〈0.05）,F/G was reduced by 4.3 %（P〈0.05）in Group 1,ADG and F/G in Group 2 was almost close to those of control group;（2）The nutrient apparent digestibility：The apparent digestibility dry matter （DM）in Group 2 was increased by 1.31 %（P〈0.05）.The difference between Group 1 and the control group was not significant （P〈0.05）;The apparent digestibility of calcium in Group 1,2 were increased respectively by 13.7 % （P〈0.05） and 9.03 %（P〈0.05）;The apparent digestibilities of crude protein,phosphorus and ash were almost close（P〈0.05）.（3）The feed costs per kilograms of Group 1,2 were decreased by 0.42,0.23 Yuan per kilograms.The results sug-gested that,according with amino acid balance model of ideal protein,when the diet protein level of Rongchang×York-shire×Duroc growing pigs was reduced to 15 % or 14 %,the production performance of growing pigs was not affected negatively,and feed cost per weight gain was decreased,and economic benefit was improved.Based on the results of production performance,nutrient digestibility,and economic benefit,the experiment suggested that 15 % protein were good to meet the nutrition needs of Rongchang×Yorkshire×Duroc pigs.