薜荔(Ficus pumila L.)传粉的代价

The Pollination Costs of Ficus pumila L.

种间关系中一方以自身生长过程中的一部分物质和能量为对方所利用的现象便是一个物种为对方付出的代价。在中性的种间关系中，两个物种彼此不受影响，无所谓代价；在偏性的种间关系中，受害者付出无谓的代价，受益者得到无偿的利益（如寄主与寄生物、被捕食者与捕食者之间...

In the interspecific relationship, one organism may supply the other with some material and energy produced in metabolism. This is the“costs” that one species paid for the another. The “costs” may be rewarded or not, rewarded more or less. The insect-pollinated plants need to pay pollination costs for pollen transfer. The pollination costs of the general insect-pollinated plants are confined to providing nectar sources and some structures favored for nectar collecting. In general, the plants needn't to provide nutrition and shelters to the pollinators. But the fig trees need to; otherwise they should have no seeds. The present paper dealt with the trees of dioecious Ficus pumila L.. It is showed that each gall tree bears about 43,000 pollinators (Wiebesia pumilae (Hill) Wieb.), and when the gall trees paid economically, the female trees were rewarded efficiently by the reasonable arrangement of inflorescences and flowers.