民事法律立法语言失范问题检讨

The Language Anomie in Civil Laws and Its Remedy

民事法律立法语言失范是指民事制定法的语言表述违反语言科学规律和相应规则,造成语法错误、语义分歧、逻辑失恰、分类混乱、风格失调、混合交叉等多种谬误。立法语言失范的根本原因在于对立法表达技术的轻视和立法程序设计的不足。立法语言失范降低了制定法的质量,给立法活动、司法实践、法学教育、普法工作带来现实的困难与危害,损害了制定法的庄严性和权威性,同时对语言科学的发展造成破坏。立法机关应当设立立法语言审查机构,清理失范的立法语言,为新法制定设计立法语言前置审查程序,在每一部法律草案提交审议前先行作出立法语言审查,保证提交审议的法律文本语言正确,能够充分表达立法意图。

The language anomie of civil laws refers to the development of expression in violation of the language science and corresponding linguistic rules,resulting in the following errors such as syntax error,semantic differences,disordered logic,categorical confusion,mixed styles and many other fallacies.The language anomie in laws result from the contempt for legislative expression technology and deficiencies in legislative process design and it reduces the quality of the statutes,and brings difficulties and hazards to legislative activities,law education,law popularization,judicial practice and etc,and it is also harmful to the solemnity and authority of law,and damages the development of language science simultaneously as well.The legislature should set up a special legislative language review body,clean up the legislative language which deviates from the norm,and design a pre-review process of legislative language for the draft of new laws,and concerning measures taken will guarantee that the legislative language is correct,the terminology appropriate,the wording precise,the logic rigorous,and the legislative intention be fully expressed.