microRNA的组织特异性表达及其检测方法

Tissue specific expression of microRNA and detection methods

microRNA（miRNA）是一类调节基因表达的非编码的小RNA。miRNA参与细胞的分化、增殖及凋亡等多种生命活动，并与多种疾病的发生和发展密切相关。miRNA表达存在组织特异性，而疾病（包括肿瘤）的发生和发展也表现为某些miRNA的表达失调。miRNA相关研究均需检测细胞的miRNA表达水平，常用杂交和RT—PCR等方法检测。

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a class of noncoding RNAs which regulate gene expression. miRNAs participate in cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis and many other biological processes. miRNAs are closely related with the pathogenesis and development of diseases and show tissue-specificity in their expression. More importantly, the expression of certain miRNAs is dysregulated in the pathogenesis and development of diseases. Evaluating miRNAs expression in cells or tissues is needed in almost all the miRNA-related researches. Hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase reaction （RT-PCR） are the mostly used approaches in detecting miRNAs expression.