猕猴舌下神经显微解剖的图像处理与测量分析

Image processing and measurement on the microscopic dissection of hypoglossal nerve of Macaca Mulatta

目的：揭示猕猴舌下与舌神经间的关系，为临床开展新的术式提供依据。方法：采用显微解剖研究，结合计算机图象处理和测量分析，测量猕猴舌下，舌神经的解剖参数。结果：（１）舌下神经与舌神经之间有二个恒定的联系部位，即舌下神经分支进入舌肌后最初５～１０ｍｍ处和２６～３０ｍｍ处；（２）舌下神经与舌神经最佳吻接部位，我们认为应在舌下神经主干分叉后１０ｍｍ左右；神经直径测量也发现神经直径与舌神经主干和分支直径较为匹配，且此区有利解剖，便于神经吻合；（３）舌下神经分叉之前，在神经干上方距分叉约６～１０ｍｍ处有一较固定分支，参与分布舌肌并与舌神经呈丛状结构。结论：实验结果为舌根切除时将支配舌内肌这一分支与舌经吻合，从而不破坏舌外肌的神经支配这一新术式提供解剖依据。

Objective:To reveal the anatomic relationship between hypoglossal and lingual nerve.Methods:The anatomic parameters of hypoglossal and lingual nerve were measured with computer image processing on the microscopic dissection of the nerves in Macaca Mulatta.Results:(1) The two nerves were found anatomically related at 5～10 mm and 26～30 mm respectively following hypoglossal nerve entering the muscle.(2)The diameter of the two nerves were observed to match well with each other or with the main branches at 10 mm following the branching of hypoglossal nerve.(3) At 6～10 mm prior to the branching of hypoglossal nerve there was a branch going to the lingual muscles and plexiform of lingual nerve.Conclusions:The data may provide an anatomic base for surgical modification of hypoglossal lingual nerve transfer when the base of tongue is resected,so that the dynamic function of tongue can be restored.