X射线衍射法在既有钢结构应力检测中的应用

Application of X-ray Diffraction Method in Stress Measurement of Existing Steel Structures

当多晶材料中存在应力时,其内部晶面间距就会发生变化,导致X射线衍射谱线产生位移。通过分析衍射峰位的变化,就可以测量材料中内应力大小及方向。以辽宁某体育馆弦支穹顶结构为背景,引入X射线衍射法测试了12根径向杆的应力,并与设计结果进行比较,检测结果表明,结构张拉施工满足设计要求,构件实际应力与设计应力较为接近,结构处于安全状态。本方法对既有钢结构建筑的维护和安全性能评估提供了量化依据。

When internal stress exists in polycrystalline materials,the interplanar crystal spacing will consequently change and the X-ray diffraction spectrum will vary as well.The internal stress of materials can be figured out by analyzing the displacement change of the diffraction peak.The X-ray diffraction method is adopted to test the stress of 12 radial members of a stadium suspended-dome in Liaoning province.The comparison results between the testing data and the designing data show that real stress of the members matches the design stress well and the construction quality meets the design requirement.Totally,the structure is in safety.The X-ray method gives a quantitative basis for maitaining and safety evaluating of existing steel structures.