中小学生饮食行为与超重、肥胖关系的研究

Investigation on the relationship between eating behavior and overweight/obesity prevalence in primary,middle and high school students

目的了解中小学生饮食行为与肥胖关系及其影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,对上海市卢湾区6所学校1 228名中小学生及其家长进行问卷调查。结果 62.2%的中小学生有特别的食物偏好。大多数的中小学生有吃零食习惯,碳酸饮料和西式快餐食用率很高。早餐的食用情况良好,但存在营养搭配问题。超重及肥胖男孩比例高于女孩、小学生比例高于中学生。超重在不同性别间差异有统计学意义,肥胖在不同性别、年龄间差异有统计学意义。结论中小学生的饮食行为有待改进;预防和控制不良饮食行为需要社会、家庭和学校共同参与,尤其是加强对母亲的营养指导。

Objective To investigate the relationship between eating behavior and obesity prevalence,and study the related factors of obesity prevalence.Methods 1 228 students and their parents from six primary and high schools were recruited by stratified random sampling in Luwan District,Shanghai.Results 62.2% of the investigated students had food preference.Carbonated drinks were prevalent among the investigated students.The breakfast habit was good but remained the nutrition arrangement problems.As the factors related to overweight and obesity concerned： male is more than female;the ratio of students in primary school is higher than that in high school.The differences of gender showed statistical significances in overweight aspect.In obesity aspect,the differences also showed statistical significances of gender and age.Conclusions The knowledge of proper eating behavior need to be improved.Preventing and controlling the bad eating behaviors need the cooperation of whole society,families and schools.