合肥市汽车制造企业作业工人健康状况调查

Investigation on health status of laborer in automobile manufacture enterprises in Hefei City

目的了解合肥市汽车制造企业作业工人健康状况。方法抽取合肥市8家不同车型整车制造企业及4家汽车配件企业548名工人进行健康状况问卷调查,并对其中11家企业2008年度职业性健康体检资料进行分析。结果职业性健康总体异常检出率为16.5%,单项检出率在0.8%～18.9%之间,低于其他类似调查结果。调查企业间作业工人平均症状得分差异有统计学意义。有36.9%的调查工人在最近1年内有职业性外伤史,各企业职业性外伤发生率在15.4%～63.6%之间;职业性外伤在特定工人有重复发生现象。调查工人中吸烟、饮酒、工作超时、睡眠不足、人际关系紧张等不良行为、心理现象普遍存在。不同企业职工的健康状况差别很大,企业的职业性健康体检结果、工人平均症状得分、职业性外伤发生率、不良行为、心理之间存在相关。结论合肥市汽车制造企业要从多个方面加强职业危害因素防治工作,促进作业工人身体健康。

Objective To know the health status of laborer in automobile manufacture enterprises in Hefei City.Methods 548 laborer sampled in 12 automobile manufacture enterprises were investigated by a self-administered questionnaire and the occupational health examination document of laberor in 11 enterprises was analyzed.Results The total detection rate of occupational health examination was 16.5%.There was statistical difference between the investigated enterprises in average symptom score of the laborer.Of the investigated laborer,36.9% once had a occupational external injury history in recent years and most had harmful individual behavior and psychological characteristic.There were differences between the investigated enterprises on the health status of laborer and the association between occupational health examination result and average symptom score,occupational external injury rate,harmful individual behavior and psychological characteristic existed.Conclusions The prevention of occupation hazards in automobile manufacture enterprises in Hefei City should be enforced from many aspects to promote the health status of laborer.