福建省2004-2009年学校突发公共卫生事件流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of public health emergency events at schools in Fujian Province in 2004-2009

目的了解福建省学校突发公共卫生事件的流行病学特点及其影响因素。方法利用网络直报系统中的突发公共卫生事件案例库,描述与分析学校突发公共卫生事件的流行特征。结果 2004-2009年间,共报告学校突发公共卫生事件211起。其中Ⅲ级事件12起(5.69%),Ⅳ级事件199起(94.31%),未见Ⅰ、Ⅱ级事件。波及人口219784人,发病11583例,无死亡病例,罹患率52.70‰。事件起数年平均递减19.73%。以传染病类为主,占92.42%;3～5月、11月两个发生高峰,占62.56%;小学和中学发生起数占90.52%;各地区事件分布不平衡,农村报告事件起数是城市的1.81倍。结论学校突发公共卫生事件稳中有降,教育部门对学校突发事件的认识不足,早期甄别的能力不够,报告途径不规范,特别是向卫生部门报告常常滞后,影响事件的及时有效处置。

Objective To study the epidemiologic characteristics of public health emergency events at schools in Fujian Province. Methods Descriptive and analytic methods are used to analyze the distribution characteristics of Public Health Emergency Events at schools in Fujian Province according to the internet-based surveillance reporting. Results From 2004 to 2009,211 emergency events were surveyed at schools. Among the total there were 5.69% events serious-degree of grade 3,94.31% events of grade 4,there was no grade 1 or grade 2 events. The attack rate in affected population was 52.70‰. The counts of emergency events average decreased by 19.73% each year. 92.42% events was communicable diseases. There were two peak in Mar～May and Nov,add up to 62.56% of total events. 90.52% events occur in primary and secondary schools,and country areas occur more frequently than city areas. Conclusions Emergency events at schools decrease slightly in Fujian Province,communicable diseases is the culprit.