合肥市1656名住校中学生膳食营养状况调查分析

Diet survey and evaluation of 1 656 boarding students of high school in Hefei

目的了解合肥市某中学住校学生的膳食结构及存在的问题,为合理膳食提供依据。方法对合肥市1656名住校中学生进行连续3d的膳食调查,根据《中国居民膳食指南》和《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)》作出评价。结果合肥市1656名住校中学生平均每人每日能量摄入量为:男生8331J、女生7247J,三餐的能量构成比约为2∶5∶3;三大营养素的摄入:碳水化合物不足,脂肪、蛋白质过量;而男、女学生优质蛋白质摄取分别为49.9%和52.2%;营养素摄入量:钙和维生素A严重不足;食物种类:果蔬类、鱼虾类、奶类和大豆类摄入不足,畜禽肉类和油脂摄入量偏高。结论合肥市1656名住校中学生平均每人每日能量摄入量不足、膳食结构不合理、营养素摄入不均衡。应加强营养教育,指导学生合理膳食。

Objective To investigate the dietary pattern of boarding students of high school in Hefei,and to provide evidence for reasonable dietary. Methods By 3 consecutive days of dietary survey,1 656 boarding students were recruited. Dietary survey was conducted using the method of 24 h dietary recall for 3 days. The dietary data were evaluated by the Chinese Balanced Diet Pagoda and the Chinese DRIs in 2000. Results In 1 656 middle school student who live on campus in Hefei,the boys＇ average daily energy intake was 8 331 joules and the girls＇ was 7 247 joules,the energy of three meals a day constituted a ratio of about 2：5：3; in the the energy supply of three major nutrients：carbohydrate was insufficient while fat and protein was redundant,otherwise the high quality protein intake of male and female students accounted for only 49.9% and 52.2%. In nutrient intake,calcium and vitamin A was seriously insufficient. In food intake：fruit and vegetable category,fish and shrimp,milk and soybean were insufficent,while the livestock meat and fat were redundant. Conclusions The intake of energy per person per day is insufficient and the dietary pattern of the boarding students of high school in Hefei is unreasonable. Nutrition education should be strengthened to direct the students＇ reasonable diet.