北京市燕山地区中小学生结核病防治健康教育效果观察

Effect analysis of TB control health education among school students in Yan Shan

目的评价燕山地区中小学生结核病防治健康教育效果,为更有效地开展结核病防治健康工作提供依据。方法将燕山地区14所学校学生,分成高、中、小学生3组,对14条信息进行问卷调查,收回合格问卷1 531份,合格率99.4%。经过6个月的健康教育工作后,同样对象、同样内容再次作答,收回合格问卷1 511份,合格率99.6%。结果结核病知识内容知晓率为:43.4%,其中10条全部正确者占5.8%,咳嗽、咳痰多长时间应该考虑可能是得了肺结核病?如果怀疑得了肺结核病最好去哪里看病?检查、治疗肺结核病有免费政策吗?正确回答上述3条者占26.7%。经过6个月形式多样的健康教育工作后,结核病知识内容知晓率有了很大提高至71.1%;其中全部正确者占25.2%;前述3条全部正确者占54.8%;经差异性分析,健康教育前后,除小学组的结核病知识内容全部正确者差异无统计学意义外,其余差异有统计学意义。结论在学校开展健康教育宣传工作,对提高燕山地区中小学生结核病防治知识水平有显著效果,为今后工作重点提供了科学依据。

Objective To evaluate the effect of TB health education among school students in Yan Shan in order to provide evidence basis for further health promotion work. Methods Students were divided into three groups,namely high,middle,primary school group.Same questionnaire which contains 14 questions was used to investigate TB knowledge at baseline,as well as after 6 month's health education after baseline investigation.1 531 and 1 511 eligible questionnaires were received at baseline and after 6 month,the corresponding eligible rate of questionnaire was 99.4% and 99.6% respectively. Results The overall awareness rate of TB was 43.4%.5.81% of patients had 100% correct answers.For 3 major questions,including'How long is the indication of TB for cough and expectoration? Where best to seek medical care for suspected TB? Is there any free TB treatment policy in China?',26.7% of students got the correct answers to these 3 questions simultaneously.After 6 months' education,awareness rate increased to 74.1%.25.2% of students have full correct answers.54.8% of students got the correct answers to the three questions listed above.Awareness rates are significantly different between baseline and after education except for primary students group. Conclusion Health education has remarkable effect in promotion of TB awareness for school students.