“移民熔炉”:19世纪末20世纪初美国城市公立学校角色

Immigrant Melting Pot:the Role of American Public Schools around the Turn of 20th Century

19世纪末20世纪初,美国迎来了又一个移民潮,大量移民涌向美国大城市。如何把大量的移民变成真正的美国人,特别是如何把移民孩子变成美国人,成为当时美国城市公立学校的重要任务,因此,美国城市公立学校通过改革,开设语言班级、教授公民知识等措施在不同的时期扮演了移民孩子美国化的"熔炉"角色。对于城市公立学校"移民熔炉"角色,不同的移民群体和不同的移民在成为教育者后的态度和看法是不相同的,他们中有人反对有人赞成,有人认为这是移民成功的机会和途径,有人认为是对他们文化的威胁。

Another immigration flows happened again in the United States around the turn of 20th Century,and most of the immigrants went to big cities.The important task of American public schools at that time was to make immigrants especially the children to become Americans,so public schools acted the immigrant melting role through a system of reforms and teaching English and civic knowledge.Different immigrant group and different immigrant educator had different attitudes and thought toward the immigrant melting role of public schools.Some of them supported and others opposed,also some of them argued it was the chance and way to succeed and others argued it was a threat to their culture.