基于时间向度的劳动风险防范——以东莞工伤社会保险实践为例

Labor Risk Prevention Based on the Time Dimention:Take the Dongguan Work Injury Insurance Practice as the Example

现代工业劳动在自然层面容易发生劳动对象对劳动者产生物理或化学伤害的情况,即具有即时性特征的工伤风险。针对此问题,发达国家建立了工伤社会保险,通过对工伤的责任界定和利益安排,有效地解决了工伤风险问题。基于对东莞市工伤社会保险实践的调查发现,东莞市面对工人失业、工伤和养老等风险,通过时间向度的分析,着重发展工伤保险具有很强的合理性;东莞市对工伤预防、工伤补偿和工伤康复这三项具有时间向度关联性的工作进行统筹,建立"三位一体"的工伤保险体系,运行效果很好。东莞的经验对全国的工伤保险工作具有借鉴意义。

In the natural level of the modern industrial labor,the situation that laborers are injured physically or chemically by the subject of labor is of high tendency,namely the injury risk which has the instantaneity characteristics. To solve this problem,the developed countries have established the social insurance against work injuries and sovled the question of injury risk effectively through the way of injuries' responsibilities defination and benefit arrangement. Based on the survey of Dongguan's work injury insurance practice,it was discovered that in the face of unemployment,work injury and old age and other risk,Dongguan City uses the time dimension analysis,focusing on the development of work injury insurance is of high reasonableness; Dongguan City co-ordinates the whole work on three time dimension associated parts:injury prevention,compensation and injury recovery,therefore a 'trinity' of the industrial injury insurance system has been established and which has been proved works well. There is no doubt that Dongguan's experience is a good reference for the whole nation's work of social insurance against work injuries.