民族团结教育与乡土教材开发

Education of National Unity and Development of Local Materials

党和国家一直非常重视民族团结教育,并制定了一系列的政策措施,但并没有因此在民族团结教育教材的开发上实行"一刀切",而是以中央精神为主线,采取多种形式开发乡土教材。这符合我国各民族地区的教育实际,有利于发挥地方教育行政部门的积极性。从少数民族学生最熟悉的民族文化、乡土文化入手,贯穿于大、中小学教育教学之中的全方位、多层次的民族团结教育系统,最大程度地提高了民族团结教育的实效性。国家统编的民族团结教育教材通过概述形式从"面"的角度强调各民族之间加强团结、共同繁荣的重要性;各地区编写的民族团结教育乡土教材则从本土实际出发,强调各地区、各民族作为中华民族"一体"之"多元"中"一元"的特点和重要性及各民族之间共存共荣的关系,从多元的角度以"点"的形式深入挖掘乡土资源进行民族团结教育。

Our Party and country have attached great importance to education of national unity and formulated a series of policies and measures. But on developing materials for education of national unity, no policy of ＂Procrustean bed＂ is adopted. Instead, based on the views of the Central Committee, a variety of approaches are adopted to developing local teaching materials. This corresponds to the reality of education in the ethnic areas, giving full play to the active role of the local educational administrative departments. Starting with the national and local culture that minority students are most familiar with, the multi-level educational system of national unity with full range of primary, secondary and higher education greatly maximizes the effectiveness of education for national unity. The nationally compiled materials for education of national unity offer an overview of the importance of strengthening ethnic unity and co-prosperity. And the locally compiled ones, on the other hand, focus on the local reality, emphasizing the characteristic and importance that each area and ethnic group are regarded as ＂one＂ among the ＂diversity＂ of the whole nation and the importance of coexistence and co-prosperity of all peoples. From a multi-perspective these materials offer education of national unity much to the point by exploring local resources to large extent.