汉阳陵文物表面硫酸盐形成原因微生物学证据

Microbiological Evidence of the Formation of Sulfate on the Surface of Yangling Mausoleum

用仅含硫源的无机盐培养基对采自汉阳陵13号和15号遗址坑文物表面的土样进行细菌富集筛选实验,并对分离的菌株进行生理生化特性研究、16SrDNA序列分析及硫代谢能力测试。分离得到5株细菌:TD1、TD2、TD3、TD15及PL13。其中TD1属于Alcaligenes,TD3属于Bacillus;硫代谢能力测试结果显示TD2、TD15和PL13代谢产生硫酸盐的速率远远小于TD3和TD1,TD3氧化硫源生成硫酸盐的速率是TD1的1.4倍。实验证实这些菌株均能氧化S、S2O32-和S2-生成硫酸盐从而获得能量,这表明微生物氧化土壤中硫化物是汉阳陵文物表面硫酸盐增加的原因,从而为汉阳陵文物表面硫酸盐的形成原因提供了微生物学依据。

Soil samples were from the surface of delves 13 and 15 of the Yangling Mausoleum.After cultured in mineral salt media with only sulfur source,five bacterial strains were isolated and assigned as TD1,TD2,TD3,TD15 and PL13.According to their physiobiochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequences,TD1,TD3 were identified as Alcaligenes and Bacillus respectively.The ability of metabolizing sulfide was also studied.TD2,TD15 and PL13 can produce a little sulfide.The speed of producing sulfide by TD3 is 1.4 times to that by TD1.These strains feed on sulfide,such as S,S2O32-,S2-,and can oxidize sulfide to sulfate.The conclusion provides a microbiological evidence for the formation of sulfate on the surface of Yangling Mausoleum.