不同灌溉方式对宁南黄土丘陵区设施辣椒生长发育及产量的影响

The influence of different irrigation methods on greenhouse pepper growth and yield in the loess hilly regions of southern Ningxia

在半干旱黄土丘陵典型区宁夏固原日光温室内进行了不同灌溉方式对设施辣椒生长发育及产量的影响试验。在满足设施辣椒正常生长的情况下,通过设定不同时期不同灌水量,计算不同灌溉方式灌水总量,并测定不同处理下辣椒生长发育指标及产量。结果表明：不同灌溉方式下辣椒株高、茎粗、产量差异明显。毛管滴灌下株高和叶绿素SPAD值最大,膜下沟灌株高最矮,茎粗最粗;膜下沟灌产量最高,相对传统沟灌节水50.3%,其次为滴头滴灌,毛管滴灌产量最低;采用毛管滴灌和滴头滴灌技术,比传统沟灌分别节水71.2%和65.8%,节水效果极显著;膜下沟灌和膜上沟灌较传统沟灌节水50%左右,节约成本达850.5-1 227元/hm2。宁南黄土丘陵区日光温室栽培辣椒从高产角度看比较适合采用膜下沟灌,从节水高效模式来看比较适合采用滴头滴灌。

An experiment was conducted to find out the impact of irrigation methods on greenhouse pepper growth and yield in the typical semiarid loess hilly regions of southern Ningxia.Under the condition of the normal growth of pepper,different periods and different irrigation volume were set to calculate the total irrigation volume and then measure the growth indicators and production.The results showed that： Under different modes of irrigation,pepper plant height,stem diameter and yield were significantly different.Under capillary drip irrigation,the plant height and SPAD were the largest;while under furrow irrigation under mulch,the plant height was the shortest and the stem diameter was the thickest.The yield of furrow irrigation under mulch was the highest and could save water by 50.3% compared with furrow irrigation,the following was emitter drip irrigation,while the yield under capillary drip irrigation was the minimum.Compared with furrow irrigation,the capillary drip irrigation and emitter drip irrigation technology could save water by 71.2% and 65.8%,and the water-saving efficiency was significant;the water-saving rate of furrow irrigation under mulch and on mulch was near 50%,and the water production cost efficiency was 850.5～1227 yuan/hm2.So drip emitter irrigation and furrow irrigation under mulch are suitable for greenhouse pepper in the loess hilly regions of southern Ningxia.