明代穆斯林的法律地位——兼论法律因素对明代伊斯兰教传播与发展的影响

Legal Position of Muslims in Ming dynasty——Influence of Legal Elements on Spreading and Development of Islam in Ming dynasty

明代穆斯林在华的法律地位与唐、宋、元时相比,发生了很大的变化。明代基于对穆斯林实行的同化政策,致使明代穆斯林的政治权利被削弱,民事及婚姻权利受到限制,经济权利下降。明代有针对性的法律的实施,使穆斯林进一步融入中华民族这个大家庭中,穆斯林自身的变化也是显而易见的。同时,这些法律因素也直接影响着伊斯兰教在华的发展,从而可以看出法律对宗教的影响有多大,另一方面也反映出来宗教对应法律而表现出来的适应性也是很强的。

Compared with that of Tang, Song and Yuan dynasties, the legal position of Muslims changed in Ming dynasty. Because of the policies of assimilation, political rights of Muslims in Ming dynasty weakened, civil rights and marital rights were limited, and economic rights declined. Due to pertinent law, Muslims changed a lot and gradually became one part of China. Those laws influenced the development of Islam in China. The essay draws the conclusion that laws put great influence on religion while religion show its potential adaptability to law.