功能基因在反硝化菌群生态学研究中的应用

Application of functional genes in the study of the ecology of denitrifying bacteria:A review

具有反硝化功能的微生物分布非常广泛,与系统分化无关,因此16SrRNA不适合分析环境中的反硝化群落。目前,利用功能基因分析环境样品中的反硝化群落成为研究热点。本文介绍了反硝化过程的分子生物学基础,比较了环境样品中反硝化菌群落结构的分子生物学手段,简述了目前环境样品中反硝化菌群落研究的主要内容,并探讨了该领域研究的不足及展望。虽然到目前为止,群落结构和功能的关系还未建立,但反硝化菌群落的研究必将为应用反硝化菌解决环境问题提供基础数据。

Denitrifying bacteria are a diverse functional group with the members from almost all phylogenetic bacterial groups. Therefore,their denitrification capability cannot be easily detected by relying on taxonomic affinities identified by 16S rRNA gene probes. As an alternative approach,functional genes are applied to investigate the denitrifying organisms in the environment. In this review,we introduced the genetic basis of denitrification,the main molecular tools for exploring denitrifying bacteria,recent researches of denitrifying bacterial communities in different environments,the problems unresolved,and future developments in this field. Up to now,though the links between community structure and function are not yet established,the study of the ecology of denitrifying bacteria would provide fundamental data to apply denitrifying bacteria in solving environment problems.