水稻旱育抛秧高产特征及其机制的数值模拟研究

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF HIGH YIELD FEATURES AND MECHANISMS FOR DRY BRED AND THROWING TRANSPLANTED RICE

用１９９６、１９９７年的分期播种田间试验资料，建立水稻旱育抛秧发育期模型和产量构成因子模型，包括茎蘖动态模型、千粒重增长模型、每穗实粒数模型，分析高产特征及机制。结果指出，水稻抛秧移栽与手插移栽相比，移栽迟滞期短；群体茎蘖数，粳稻高１６％，籼稻高２３％；千粒重，粳稻低１％，籼稻高９％；每穗实粒数无区别；总产量，粳稻高１６％，籼稻高９％。抛栽秧苗随机均匀分布，入土深度较浅，从而营造了合理的群体结构，提高了产量。最后，提出抛秧稻生长中应注意的气象问题。

On the basis of field experiment in 1996 and 1997, both a development date model and a yield model were established for dry bred and throwing transplanted rice. The latter was composed of sub models for dynamic tillers, dry matter, fruitful grain number per ear. High yield features and mechanisms of the rice was analyzed. Compared with hand transplanted rice, results showed that the throwing transplanted rice had a shorter lag phase, more tillers ( with 16% more for hsien and 23% more for hybrid hsien species respectively), greater thousand grain weight only for hsien species, and higher yields (with 16% higher for hsien and 9% higher for hsien species respectively). Rice seedlings transplanted by throwing were distributed at random and shallow rooted so that they could build a good population structure, leading to higher output. Finally, meteorological problems for throwing transplanted rice were mentioned.