芝麻育种技术研究进展

Advances in Breeding Technique of Sesame

芝麻是重要的油料作物,新品种选育是芝麻产业发展的重要组成部分,尽管传统育种技术在芝麻遗传改良方面取得了显著成就,但仍不能满足当前芝麻生产对优良品种的需求。随着生物理论技术的不断发展,芝麻的遗传改良正在由传统技术育种向现代生物技术育种迈进。综述了芝麻育种技术的发展及其在育种实践中的应用,包括系统选育、杂交育种等传统技术育种,以及细胞工程育种、分子育种等现代生物技术育种,提出了当前芝麻育种中存在的问题,展望了芝麻育种研究的方向和内容。

Sesame （Sesamum indicum L.） is an important oil-yielding plant in the world. Breeding of new varieties is an important component of sesame industry development. The paper briefly summarized the breeding methods and their partial achievement applied in sesame breeding, mainly introduced the traditional breeding technique, cell engineering applied to breeding, molecular breeding, the existing problem in sesame breeding presently were also discussed at the same time, and direction for the future research on sesame breeding.