麒麟菜与贝类混养体系净化富营养化海水的研究

Purification of Chlorophyll A, Nitrogen and Phosphate in Eutrophic Water by Paphia Exarata Philippi andKappaphycus striatum Schmitz

为了预防赤潮,改善海湾水质,保护海洋环境。找到既能抑制赤潮微藻生长又能吸收水体中营养盐的经济型水生生物是最为理想的途径,大型海藻和大型双壳贝类就是两类理想的经济型水生生物。因此,利用大型海藻与双壳贝类混养来控制水体中藻类的密度、改善水质和预防赤潮具有广阔的应用前景。笔者利用正交实验研究了热带亚热带类型双壳贝类沟纹巴非蛤(Paphia exarata Philippi)和热带大型海藻异枝麒麟菜(Kappaphycus striatum Schmitz)净化富营养化海水的效果。发现沟纹巴非蛤和麒麟菜混养能有效地清除富营养化水体中的N、P和chla。影响综合评价指标、N清除率、P清除率和chla清除率的因素均为麒麟菜﹥贝;其中麒麟菜对各指标的影响均为极显著(P﹤0.01);贝对N清除率、chla清除率的影响为极显著(P﹤0.01),对综合评价指标、P清除率有一定影响,但不显著。最佳混养组合为:麒麟菜养殖量6kg/m3、沟纹巴非蛤养殖量60只/m(340g±2g/只)。

In order to control the occurrence of algal bloom and improve sea water quality, the effect of purifying eutrophic marine water by tropical and subtropical bivalve shellfishPaphia exarata Philippi and tropical macroalgaeKappaphycus striatum Schmitz was examined. The results show that the polyculture of Paphia exarata Philippi andKappaphycus striatum Schmitz is a effective way to remove the N, P, and chl a in eutrophic water. The effect ofKappaphycus striatum Schmitz on the comprehensive evaluation index, clearance of N, P and chl a is more notable thanPaphia exarata Philippi.Kappaphycus striatum Schmitz significantly affects all the indicators （P0.01）.Paphia exarata Philippi significantly affects the clearance of N and chl a （P 0.01）, but it is not significant effecting on the comprehensive evaluation index and the clearance of P. The best polyculture proportion is obtained, which corresponds toKappaphycus striatum Schmitz of 6 kg/m3 andPaphia exarata Philippi of 60 bodies/m3 （40 g ± 2 g/body）.